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Exstream Landscaping, LLC - Licensed, Bonded, Insured, LCB #7094
Exstream Landscaping, LLC
Frequently Asked Landscaping Questions & Glossary of Landscaping Terms
Landscape projects come with a lot of decisions, materials, terms, and moving parts. This guide was created to help Portland-area homeowners better understand the landscaping process, from planning and design to construction, installation, irrigation, hardscaping, outdoor rooms, fire features, pavers, plantings, and long-term care.
Click any highlighted landscaping term in the FAQ section and a helpful glossary card will open with additional information and, when available, a photo example. The full glossary remains on this page below the questions so homeowners can browse the terms directly and so search engines can understand the complete landscaping topic in one place.
Questions Homeowners Ask
Landscape FAQ
These are some of the most common questions homeowners ask before starting a residential landscape design, construction, or installation project in the Portland, Oregon area.
How important is it to be licensed?
Licensing is very important. Exstream Landscaping, LLC is fully licensed through the Oregon Landscape Contractors Board, bonded, and insured. That means we have completed the education, testing, and licensing requirements needed to understand landscape construction in Oregon, including the special challenges of working in the Pacific Northwest. You can look up licenses here.
With more than 30 years of field experience, our team understands how to plan and install outdoor spaces that are attractive, functional, durable, and appropriate for our local climate.
What is Hardscaping?
Hardscaping refers to the non-living, built elements of a landscape. This includes materials and features such as pavers, stone, block, brick, concrete, woodwork, and other structural elements.
Examples of hardscaping include seating walls, walkways and paths, driveways, patios, decks, fire pits, and fixed outdoor structures such as pergolas, awnings, and pavilions.
What is Softscaping?
Softscaping refers to the living and organic parts of a landscape. This includes lawns, trees, shrubs, perennials, groundcovers, garden beds, and native species plantings.
A good landscape design balances softscaping with hardscaping so the finished yard feels natural, usable, and complete.
Do I need an irrigation system?
An irrigation system is not always required, but we strongly recommend one for many Portland-area landscapes, especially when new lawns, shrubs, trees, or planting beds are installed. Our summers can become hot and dry, and consistent watering helps new plant material become established and thrive.
Low-volume drip irrigation can be especially helpful for planting beds, shrubs, trees, vegetable gardens, and areas where water efficiency matters.
Why does Exstream Landscaping use pavers instead of poured concrete?
We often recommend pavers because they offer excellent design flexibility, strong weight distribution, and easier long-term repair than poured concrete or asphalt. If a section is damaged or needs service, individual pavers can often be lifted and replaced without tearing out the entire surface.
Pavers also provide a wide variety of colors, textures, patterns, shapes, and finishes, giving homeowners more control over the final look of a patio, walkway, driveway, or outdoor living area.
What are the trends this year in landscaping?
How does a typical project work with Exstream Landscaping?
A typical project begins with a free consultation at your property. We talk with you about your ideas, goals, budget, and timeline, then take photos and measurements so we can understand the space and the possibilities. Consultations are always free and usually take between 20 minutes and an hour, depending on the complexity of the project and how much we discuss.
After the consultation, we prepare an estimate with project options listed as individual line items. When helpful, we also include photos of materials and examples of features. This gives you the opportunity to revise the plan, prioritize the work, or phase the project if needed. Once the estimate is approved and the initial deposit is received, we schedule a tentative start date with your schedule in mind.
Start dates and timelines can vary based on weather, product availability, site access, and the approved scope of work. Once the project is complete, we walk through the finished landscape with you, explain how to use any systems we installed, answer your questions, and accept the final payment.
How much will it cost to landscape my property?
It is difficult to provide an exact price without seeing the property in person. Landscape costs vary based on property size, location, site access, desired features, design complexity, material choices, drainage needs, irrigation, and how much construction is involved.
Every project is unique, so there are not many true "set prices." On average, our clients often spend somewhere between $3,500 and $20,000, depending on the project. The best way to get a realistic number is to schedule a free consultation.
Do you offer any financing options?
We do not offer financing at this time, but we do work with clients on basic terms depending on the type and size of the project. We also offer phased or staged projects, which allows you to complete one part of the landscape now and finish additional areas later as your budget and schedule allow.
Do you offer a guarantee or warranty on plants or landscaping?
Yes. Our plants are under warranty for one year after installation. Hardscaping and other landscape features are under warranty for two years after completion. If an issue comes up, let us know right away so we can inspect it and take care of the problem.
When new plants, sod, or lawns are installed, we encourage homeowners to include an irrigation system to help the new landscape become established and stay healthy.
How do I choose a landscape design/build company?
Choosing a landscape design/build company is a personal decision, but there are a few important areas to review before hiring a contractor. Look at licensing, insurance, reviews, portfolio examples, communication style, process, and how comfortable you feel with the people who will be working on your property.
Are they licensed with the LCB (Landscape Contractors Board) in Oregon?
All landscaping companies in Oregon are required to be licensed. You can ask the contractor directly or look them up through the Oregon Landscape Contractors Board. Exstream Landscaping's Oregon license is LCB #7094.
What are their reviews like online?
An established landscape company should have a visible review history online. Reviews help you understand how the company communicates, handles problems, follows through, and treats clients. You can view Exstream Landscaping's reviews through Google and other review sites.
What is their portfolio like?
A contractor's portfolio should show examples of work similar to what you want for your own property. Look for patios, retaining walls, outdoor rooms, decks, fences, fire features, lighting, plantings, and complete landscape transformations that reflect the type of project you are considering. You can explore our online portfolio to see examples of completed work.
What is their process like?
Ask how the contractor handles design, estimates, scheduling, project changes, material selections, site access, timelines, and communication. A good landscape company should ask you detailed questions, listen carefully, explain the process clearly, and help you understand your budget throughout the project.
You should also be able to revise the initial plan and make informed decisions before construction begins.
How do you feel about them?
Comfort matters. You should feel that your contractor is professional, knowledgeable, conversational, supportive, and easy to work with. A landscape project happens at your home, so trust and communication are just as important as tools and materials.
Landscaping Terms Explained
Glossary of Landscaping Terms
Browse the glossary below or use the highlighted terms in the FAQ above. Each glossary item can also be opened as a popup when referenced from a question.
- Artificial Turf
Artificial turf is a synthetic grass surface made from woven fibers designed to look like a natural lawn. It has grown in popularity because it is durable, consistent, and easier to maintain than traditional turf grass.
Artificial turf does not require irrigation, fertilizing, aerating, thatching, mowing, or edging, making it a practical option for some Portland-area yards, play spaces, pet areas, and low-maintenance landscape designs.

- Awnings
An awning is a patio covering attached to an existing roofline or exterior wall of a home. Awnings help provide shade, shelter, and protection from rain, making patios and outdoor seating areas more usable.
Some awnings tie into the current gutter system, while others use their own drainage system. They can be covered with different materials depending on the design, budget, and desired look.

- Creative Plantings
Creative plantings use color, texture, evergreen structure, deciduous plants, perennials, and seasonal interest to create a landscape that feels custom to the homeowner and property.
By considering each client's color preferences, maintenance goals, sun exposure, soil conditions, and overall design style, Exstream Landscaping creates planting plans that are practical, attractive, and personal.

- Composite Decking
Composite decking is made from boards that combine wood particles and plastic materials. The wood portion is often sawdust, wood chips, or wood fiber, while the plastic portion may include recycled or virgin plastic.
We often recommend composite decking in the Pacific Northwest because it lasts well in our rainy climate and requires very little maintenance compared to traditional wood decking. It is available in many colors, textures, widths, and finishes.

- Decks
Decks create usable outdoor living space and can be built in a variety of styles. We offer traditional cedar decks as well as composite decking and PVC decking options.
Deck railings can be built from traditional wood, metal, cable railing, or other materials depending on the style of the home and the look you want to achieve.

- Driveways
Paver driveways have become popular because they are customizable, attractive, and practical. They can handle weight well, help shed water efficiently, and offer a more flexible design than plain poured concrete.
Another benefit is repairability. If a section of a paver driveway is damaged, the affected pavers can often be replaced without removing the entire driveway surface.

- Fences
Fences can provide privacy, define outdoor spaces, protect pets, improve safety, and add style to a landscape. We create fences to fit each client's needs, property layout, and design preferences.
Options include solid privacy fencing, chain link fencing, traditional cedar fencing, and hardwood materials such as IPE, Camaru, and Batu. Custom patterns, lattice details, and material combinations can make a fence feel more unique.

- Fire Features
Fire features add warmth, atmosphere, and a natural gathering point to an outdoor living space. With fire pit kits and custom fire feature options available in many sizes, shapes, textures, and colors, they can be designed to match nearly any landscape style.
Fire features may be wood burning, natural gas, or propane, depending on what is available in the area and what the homeowner prefers.

- Fire Pits
A fire pit is generally any contained outdoor vessel or built area where a controlled fire can be enjoyed. Fire pits can be simple, rustic, modern, circular, rectangular, gas-powered, or wood-burning.
We have built rustic fire pit areas using indigenous stone, circular block fire pit kits, and ultra-modern smooth-sided fire pits filled with glass beads and plumbed with natural gas.

- Hardscaping
Hardscaping refers to the non-living, built elements of a landscape. These are usually made from stone, block, brick, concrete, pavers, wood, or composite materials.
Common hardscape features include retaining walls, patios, paths, driveways, seating walls, decks, pergolas, pavilions, and fire features. Hardscaping gives a landscape structure, function, and long-term usability.

- Patios
A patio is a designated outdoor living area, usually paved and located near the home, often outside a back door. Patios are commonly used for dining, relaxing, entertaining, grilling, and spending time outside.
Patios can be built with pavers, natural stone, concrete products, or other materials depending on the desired style and function.

- Native Species Plantings
Native species plantings use trees, shrubs, and plants that occur naturally in a specific region, ecosystem, or habitat. In the Pacific Northwest, native plants are often a strong choice because they are adapted to local rainfall, soils, and seasonal patterns.
Native plantings can require fewer resources and less maintenance than plants from very different climates. For example, a native dogwood is much easier to grow and maintain in the Pacific Northwest than a Joshua tree from the deserts of California.

- Raised Garden Beds
Raised garden beds are planting areas built above the surrounding ground level. Unlike traditional in-ground gardens, raised beds can be made from wood, composite, rock, metal, or block to match the style and function of the landscape.
They can be custom-built for tight spaces, small yards, vegetable gardens, flower gardens, or accessible gardening. Soil amendments can also be adjusted or changed more easily than in a traditional garden bed.

- Pergolas
A pergola is an open outdoor structure usually built from wood or metal with posts and an overhead framework. Pergolas can help define outdoor living areas while allowing light and air to pass through.
They are often used over patios, seating areas, walkways, or garden spaces and may be combined with trailing plants, fabric, curtains, lighting, or other design features.

- Pavilions
A pavilion is a separate, freestanding, open-sided structure used in the landscape to create a covered outdoor space. Pavilions are often placed over patios, seating areas, kitchens, or gathering spaces.
Because they provide protection from rain, snow, and harsh sun, pavilions can make a backyard more usable throughout the year.

- Outdoor Rooms
Outdoor rooms divide a yard into usable living areas based on how the space will be used. One area might function as an outdoor kitchen and dining area, while another may be designed for lounging, conversation, or entertainment.
This approach helps a landscape feel more intentional and comfortable, especially when patios, covers, lighting, fire features, seating, and plantings are planned together.

- Fixed Structures
Fixed structures are permanent built elements in a landscape that are not intended to be moved around the property. These may include pergolas, pavilions, covered patios, attached fire features, outdoor kitchens, and other built-in landscape elements.
Fixed structures can extend the usability of outdoor living areas and help define the layout of the yard.

- Irrigation System
An irrigation system applies water to lawns, planting beds, garden areas, shrubs, trees, and other landscape areas through an installed watering system.
Irrigation systems may include traditional sprinklers, drip irrigation, low-volume watering zones, valves, controllers, and other components designed to keep the landscape healthy and efficient.

- Seating Walls
A seating wall is a short wall built at a comfortable height for sitting. It can include a cap, ledge, or seat surface and may be made from stone, block, wood, or composite materials.
Seating walls are often used around patios, fire pits, outdoor rooms, and gathering areas to provide extra built-in seating for friends and family.

- Low-Volume Drip Irrigation
Low-volume drip irrigation systems apply small amounts of water slowly and directly to the root zone of plants. This makes them more water efficient than many traditional spray systems.
Drip irrigation is commonly used for shrubs, trees, perennials, raised garden beds, vegetable gardens, flower gardens, and planting areas where controlled watering is important.

- Walkways & Paths
Walkways and paths are defined routes that lead from one area of a landscape to another. They improve access, movement, safety, and flow throughout the yard.
Paths and walkways can be built from compacted gravel, pavers, natural stone, stepping stones, decking, or other materials depending on the design style and use.

- Pavers
Pavers are manmade bricks, tiles, or stone-like units commonly made from concrete. They come in many shapes, sizes, textures, colors, and finishes.
Pavers make it possible to create custom patterns and surfaces for patios, paths, driveways, seating areas, and outdoor rooms while allowing for easier repair than many poured surfaces.

- Sustainable Landscaping
Sustainable landscaping is a modern approach that considers the environment, local climate, water use, plant selection, maintenance needs, and long-term resource efficiency.
In the Pacific Northwest, sustainable landscaping may include native plantings, efficient irrigation, permeable hardscapes, raised garden beds, thoughtful drainage, and designs that reduce unnecessary maintenance.
- Phases or Staged Projects
Phased or staged projects allow a larger landscape plan to be completed in sections over time. This can help homeowners work within a budget, schedule, or priority list without giving up the larger long-term vision.
At Exstream Landscaping, estimates are organized with separate line items so clients can prioritize the most important work first, delay other items, remove features, or add elements as time and budget allow.
- Night Lighting
Night lighting is one of the best values in a landscaping budget because it improves beauty, safety, security, and usability after dark.
Landscape lighting can illuminate walkways, patios, porches, steps, garden features, walls, and outdoor living areas. A well-lit home is safer for movement and can also help discourage unwanted activity around the property.

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